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Assessing changes and associations in the Xanthomonas perforans population across Florida commercial tomato fields via a state-wide survey.

Identifieur interne : 000212 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000211; suivant : 000213

Assessing changes and associations in the Xanthomonas perforans population across Florida commercial tomato fields via a state-wide survey.

Auteurs : Jeannie Klein-Gordon [Oman] ; Yanru Xing [États-Unis] ; Karen A. Garrett [États-Unis] ; Peter Abrahamian [Oman] ; Mathews Lal Paret [États-Unis] ; Gerald V. Minsavage [États-Unis] ; Amanda Lynne Strayer-Scherer [États-Unis] ; James Fulton [États-Unis] ; Sujan Timilsina [États-Unis] ; Jeffrey B. Jones [États-Unis] ; Erica M. Goss [États-Unis] ; Gary E. Vallad [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : pubmed:33048630

Abstract

Before 1991, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xe) was the causal agent of bacterial spot of tomato in Florida but was quickly replaced by Xanthomonas perforans (Xp). The Xp population has changed in genotype and phenotype despite lack of a clear selection pressure. To determine the current Xanthomonas population in Florida, we collected 585 Xanthomonas strains from 70 tomato fields, representing 22 farms across eight counties, in the Florida tomato production region. Strains were isolated from 23 cultivars across eight seed producers and were associated with eight transplant facilities during the fall 2017 season. Our collection was phenotypically and genotypically characterized. Only Xp was identified, and all strains except one (99.8%) were tolerant to copper sulfate and 25% of strains were resistant to streptomycin sulfate. Most of the strains (99.3%) that were resistant to streptomycin sulfate were sequence type 1. The Xp population consisted of tomato races 3 (8%) and 4 (92%) and all three previously reported sequence types, ranging from 22 to 46% frequency. Approximately half of all strains, none of which were sequence type 2, produced bacteriocins against Xe. Effector profiles were highly variable among strains, which could impact the strains' host range. The effector xopJ4, which was previously thought to be conserved in Xp tomato pathogens, was absent in 19 strains. Non-metric multidimensional scaling and network analyses show how strains and strain traits were associated with production system variables, including anonymized farms and transplant facilities. These analyses show that the composition of the Florida Xp population is diverse and complex.

DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-09-20-0402-R
PubMed: 33048630


Affiliations:


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<title xml:lang="en">Assessing changes and associations in the
<i>Xanthomonas perforans</i>
population across Florida commercial tomato fields via a state-wide survey.</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Klein Gordon, Jeannie" sort="Klein Gordon, Jeannie" uniqKey="Klein Gordon J" first="Jeannie" last="Klein-Gordon">Jeannie Klein-Gordon</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, 3463, Plant Pathology, PO Box 110680, Gainesville, Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32611-7011; jeannie.klein123@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">Oman</country>
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<name sortKey="Xing, Yanru" sort="Xing, Yanru" uniqKey="Xing Y" first="Yanru" last="Xing">Yanru Xing</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, 3463, Gainesville, Florida, United States; yanruxing@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, 3463, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Floride</region>
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</affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Garrett, Karen A" sort="Garrett, Karen A" uniqKey="Garrett K" first="Karen A" last="Garrett">Karen A. Garrett</name>
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<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, 3463, Plant Pathology Department, Institute for Sustainable Food Systems, Emerging Pathogens Institute, Gainesville, Florida, United States</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Abrahamian, Peter" sort="Abrahamian, Peter" uniqKey="Abrahamian P" first="Peter" last="Abrahamian">Peter Abrahamian</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, Plant Pathology, 14625 CR 672, Florida, Wimauma, Florida, United States, 33598; peterabrahamian@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">Oman</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, Plant Pathology, 14625 CR 672, Florida, Wimauma, Florida, United States</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<name sortKey="Paret, Mathews Lal" sort="Paret, Mathews Lal" uniqKey="Paret M" first="Mathews Lal" last="Paret">Mathews Lal Paret</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>NFREC, University of Florida, 155 Research Road, Quincy, Florida, United States, 32351; paret@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
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<wicri:regionArea>NFREC, University of Florida, 155 Research Road, Quincy, Florida, United States</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion>
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<name sortKey="Minsavage, Gerald V" sort="Minsavage, Gerald V" uniqKey="Minsavage G" first="Gerald V" last="Minsavage">Gerald V. Minsavage</name>
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<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Gainesville, Florida, United States; gvmins@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
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<name sortKey="Strayer Scherer, Amanda Lynne" sort="Strayer Scherer, Amanda Lynne" uniqKey="Strayer Scherer A" first="Amanda Lynne" last="Strayer-Scherer">Amanda Lynne Strayer-Scherer</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>Auburn University, 1383, Entomology and Plant Pathology, 961 S. Donahue Dr, Auburn, Alabama, United States, 36849-5412.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">36849-5412</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>North Carolina State University, 6798, Entomology and Plant Pathology, 265 Test Farm Road, Waynesville, North Carolina, United States, 28786; ascherer@auburn.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>North Carolina State University, 6798, Entomology and Plant Pathology, 265 Test Farm Road, Waynesville, North Carolina, United States</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fulton, James" sort="Fulton, James" uniqKey="Fulton J" first="James" last="Fulton">James Fulton</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, 3463, Plant Pathology, Gainesville, Florida, United States; pcvgt@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, 3463, Plant Pathology, Gainesville, Florida</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Timilsina, Sujan" sort="Timilsina, Sujan" uniqKey="Timilsina S" first="Sujan" last="Timilsina">Sujan Timilsina</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, 2567 Fifield Hall, Hull Road, Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32611; sujan.timilsina@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, 2567 Fifield Hall, Hull Road, Gainesville, Florida, United States</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jones, Jeffrey B" sort="Jones, Jeffrey B" uniqKey="Jones J" first="Jeffrey B" last="Jones">Jeffrey B. Jones</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, Plant Patholgoy Dept., 1453 Fifield Hall, Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32611; jbjones@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, Plant Patholgoy Dept., 1453 Fifield Hall, Gainesville, Florida, United States</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<name sortKey="Goss, Erica M" sort="Goss, Erica M" uniqKey="Goss E" first="Erica M" last="Goss">Erica M. Goss</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, Dept. of Plant Pathology & Emerging Pathogens Institute, P.O. Box 110680, Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32605; emgoss@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Florida, Dept. of Plant Pathology & Emerging Pathogens Institute, P.O. Box 110680, Gainesville, Florida, United States</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>United States</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Vallad, Gary E" sort="Vallad, Gary E" uniqKey="Vallad G" first="Gary E" last="Vallad">Gary E. Vallad</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:affiliation>University of Florida, Plant Pathology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, 14625 C.R. 672, Wimauma, Florida, United States, 33598.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">33598</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:affiliation>United States; gvallad@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<title level="j">Phytopathology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0031-949X</idno>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Before 1991,
<i>Xanthomonas euvesicatoria</i>
(
<i>Xe</i>
) was the causal agent of bacterial spot of tomato in Florida but was quickly replaced by
<i>Xanthomonas perforans</i>
(
<i>Xp</i>
). The
<i>Xp</i>
population has changed in genotype and phenotype despite lack of a clear selection pressure. To determine the current
<i>Xanthomonas</i>
population in Florida, we collected 585
<i>Xanthomonas</i>
strains from 70 tomato fields, representing 22 farms across eight counties, in the Florida tomato production region. Strains were isolated from 23 cultivars across eight seed producers and were associated with eight transplant facilities during the fall 2017 season. Our collection was phenotypically and genotypically characterized. Only
<i>Xp</i>
was identified, and all strains except one (99.8%) were tolerant to copper sulfate and 25% of strains were resistant to streptomycin sulfate. Most of the strains (99.3%) that were resistant to streptomycin sulfate were sequence type 1. The
<i>Xp</i>
population consisted of tomato races 3 (8%) and 4 (92%) and all three previously reported sequence types, ranging from 22 to 46% frequency. Approximately half of all strains, none of which were sequence type 2, produced bacteriocins against
<i>Xe</i>
. Effector profiles were highly variable among strains, which could impact the strains' host range. The effector
<i>xopJ4</i>
, which was previously thought to be conserved in
<i>Xp</i>
tomato pathogens, was absent in 19 strains. Non-metric multidimensional scaling and network analyses show how strains and strain traits were associated with production system variables, including anonymized farms and transplant facilities. These analyses show that the composition of the Florida
<i>Xp</i>
population is diverse and complex.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed>
<MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM">
<PMID Version="1">33048630</PMID>
<DateRevised>
<Year>2020</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic">
<Journal>
<ISSN IssnType="Print">0031-949X</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print">
<PubDate>
<Year>2020</Year>
<Month>Oct</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Phytopathology</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Phytopathology</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Assessing changes and associations in the
<i>Xanthomonas perforans</i>
population across Florida commercial tomato fields via a state-wide survey.</ArticleTitle>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1094/PHYTO-09-20-0402-R</ELocationID>
<Abstract>
<AbstractText>Before 1991,
<i>Xanthomonas euvesicatoria</i>
(
<i>Xe</i>
) was the causal agent of bacterial spot of tomato in Florida but was quickly replaced by
<i>Xanthomonas perforans</i>
(
<i>Xp</i>
). The
<i>Xp</i>
population has changed in genotype and phenotype despite lack of a clear selection pressure. To determine the current
<i>Xanthomonas</i>
population in Florida, we collected 585
<i>Xanthomonas</i>
strains from 70 tomato fields, representing 22 farms across eight counties, in the Florida tomato production region. Strains were isolated from 23 cultivars across eight seed producers and were associated with eight transplant facilities during the fall 2017 season. Our collection was phenotypically and genotypically characterized. Only
<i>Xp</i>
was identified, and all strains except one (99.8%) were tolerant to copper sulfate and 25% of strains were resistant to streptomycin sulfate. Most of the strains (99.3%) that were resistant to streptomycin sulfate were sequence type 1. The
<i>Xp</i>
population consisted of tomato races 3 (8%) and 4 (92%) and all three previously reported sequence types, ranging from 22 to 46% frequency. Approximately half of all strains, none of which were sequence type 2, produced bacteriocins against
<i>Xe</i>
. Effector profiles were highly variable among strains, which could impact the strains' host range. The effector
<i>xopJ4</i>
, which was previously thought to be conserved in
<i>Xp</i>
tomato pathogens, was absent in 19 strains. Non-metric multidimensional scaling and network analyses show how strains and strain traits were associated with production system variables, including anonymized farms and transplant facilities. These analyses show that the composition of the Florida
<i>Xp</i>
population is diverse and complex.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y">
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Klein-Gordon</LastName>
<ForeName>Jeannie</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>University of Florida, 3463, Plant Pathology, PO Box 110680, Gainesville, Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32611-7011; jeannie.klein123@gmail.com.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Xing</LastName>
<ForeName>Yanru</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>University of Florida, 3463, Gainesville, Florida, United States; yanruxing@ufl.edu.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Garrett</LastName>
<ForeName>Karen A</ForeName>
<Initials>KA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>University of Florida, 3463, Plant Pathology Department, Institute for Sustainable Food Systems, Emerging Pathogens Institute, Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32611-7011; karengarrett@ufl.edu.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
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<name sortKey="Klein Gordon, Jeannie" sort="Klein Gordon, Jeannie" uniqKey="Klein Gordon J" first="Jeannie" last="Klein-Gordon">Jeannie Klein-Gordon</name>
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<name sortKey="Paret, Mathews Lal" sort="Paret, Mathews Lal" uniqKey="Paret M" first="Mathews Lal" last="Paret">Mathews Lal Paret</name>
<name sortKey="Strayer Scherer, Amanda Lynne" sort="Strayer Scherer, Amanda Lynne" uniqKey="Strayer Scherer A" first="Amanda Lynne" last="Strayer-Scherer">Amanda Lynne Strayer-Scherer</name>
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<name sortKey="Vallad, Gary E" sort="Vallad, Gary E" uniqKey="Vallad G" first="Gary E" last="Vallad">Gary E. Vallad</name>
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